| Customization: | Available |
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| Type: | Stainless Steel Pipes |
| Standard: | ASTM, AISI, GB, JIS, DIN, EN |
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Standard Aspect
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Details
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Manufacturing Process
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The seamless pipes are produced through hot - rolling or cold - drawing methods. Hot - rolling is suitable for larger - diameter pipes, as it can efficiently shape the steel at high temperatures. Cold - drawing, on the other hand, is used for smaller - diameter pipes and offers higher precision in dimensional control. This seamless manufacturing process eliminates weld seams, which are potential weak points in pipes, ensuring a more reliable and durable product.
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Dimensional Tolerances
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For diameter tolerances, larger - diameter pipes (e.g., above 100 mm) typically have a tolerance of ±1% of the nominal diameter. Smaller - diameter pipes (below 100 mm) may have a more precise tolerance, sometimes as low as ±0.5 mm. Wall thickness tolerances are also strictly controlled. Generally, the tolerance is within ±10% of the specified wall thickness. However, for applications with high - precision requirements, such as in aerospace or high - pressure chemical processes, even tighter tolerances can be achieved.
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Testing Requirements
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Tubes are subjected to multiple non - destructive and destructive tests. Non - destructive tests include hydrostatic testing, where the pipe is filled with water and pressurized to a specified level to check for leaks. Ultrasonic testing is used to detect internal flaws, such as voids or inclusions, by sending ultrasonic waves through the pipe wall. Destructive tests, such as tensile tests, measure the maximum load the pipe can withstand before breaking, impact tests evaluate the pipe's resistance to sudden shock, and bend tests determine its formability without cracking.
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Grade
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C
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Si
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Mn
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P
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S
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Cr
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Ni
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Mo
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Other
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Tp316
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≤0.08
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≤1.00
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≤2.00
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≤0.045
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≤0.030
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16.0 - 18.0
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10.0 - 14.0
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2.0 - 3.0
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-
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Tp321
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≤0.08
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≤1.00
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≤2.00
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≤0.045
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≤0.030
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17.0 - 19.0
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9.0 - 12.0
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-
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Ti≥5×C
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Tp347H
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0.04 - 0.10
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≤1.00
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≤2.00
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≤0.045
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≤0.030
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17.0 - 19.0
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9.0 - 13.0
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-
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Cb + Ta≥10×C
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Grade
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Tensile Strength (MPa)
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Yield Strength (MPa)
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Elongation (%)
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Tp316
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≥515
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≥205
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≥35
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Tp321
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≥515
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≥205
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≥35
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Tp347H
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≥515
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≥205
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≥30
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Application
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Recommended Grade
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Reason
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Alternative Grade Considerations
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Chemical Industry (Chloride - rich Environments)
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Tp316
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The presence of molybdenum in Tp316 provides outstanding resistance to chloride - induced corrosion. Chloride ions can cause pitting and stress corrosion cracking in many metals, but Tp316's alloy composition effectively combats these issues.
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Tp316L (a low - carbon version of Tp316) can be considered for applications where weldability is crucial. The lower carbon content reduces the risk of carbide precipitation during welding, which could otherwise lead to corrosion in the heat - affected zone.
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Aerospace (High - Temperature Components)
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Tp321
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Tp321 has excellent high - temperature strength and oxidation resistance. The addition of titanium stabilizes the austenitic structure, preventing the formation of harmful carbides at high temperatures. This makes it suitable for components like engine parts and exhaust systems in aircraft.
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Tp347H could be an alternative if even higher - temperature strength and creep resistance are required. However, its higher carbon content may pose challenges in some aerospace applications, as it could lead to embrittlement over time.
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Power Generation (Boiler Tubes)
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Tp347H
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Tp347H offers high - temperature strength and creep resistance, which are essential for boiler tubes operating under high - pressure and high - temperature conditions. The niobium and tantalum in its composition enhance its resistance to intergranular corrosion, ensuring long - term reliability.
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Tp321 can be considered in less severe temperature and pressure scenarios. It has good thermal cycling resistance and may be more cost - effective in some cases, especially for boilers with relatively lower operating temperatures.
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Grade
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Advantages
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Disadvantages
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Tp316
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- Exceptional corrosion resistance, better than many other stainless steels. - Good formability and weldability, allowing for easy fabrication. - High strength - to - weight ratio.
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- Higher cost compared to some standard carbon steel pipes. - Susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in certain aggressive environments if not properly designed.
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Tp321
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- Excellent resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. - Good creep strength, suitable for long - term high - temperature service. - The addition of titanium stabilizes the structure, preventing carbide precipitation.
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- More expensive than basic stainless steel grades. - Welding requires special techniques to maintain the beneficial effects of titanium.
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Tp347H
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- High - temperature strength and creep resistance. - Good resistance to intergranular corrosion due to the presence of niobium and tantalum. - Can be used in harsh chemical environments at elevated temperatures.
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- Higher cost associated with the alloying elements. - Machining can be more difficult compared to some less alloyed steels.
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