| Customization: | Available |
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| After-sales Service: | as Per Client′s Design |
| Warranty: | 1 Years |
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Element
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Content Range (%)
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Significance
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Chromium (Cr)
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16.0 - 18.0
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Chromium is a key element for forming a passive oxide layer on the surface of the steel, which provides excellent corrosion resistance. In TP316, this range of chromium content ensures high - level resistance to oxidation and corrosion in various environments.
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Nickel (Ni)
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10.0 - 14.0
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Nickel enhances the corrosion resistance, especially in reducing environments. It also improves the toughness and ductility of the steel, making the tubes more suitable for applications where they may be subjected to mechanical stress.
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Molybdenum (Mo)
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2.0 - 3.0
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Molybdenum significantly improves the resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion. In environments with high chloride ion concentrations, such as seawater or certain chemical processing fluids, the presence of molybdenum in TP316 is crucial for preventing localized corrosion.
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Carbon (C)
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≤ 0.08
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Lower carbon content helps to prevent sensitization, which can lead to intergranular corrosion. By keeping the carbon content low, the long - term corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the tube are maintained.
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Manganese (Mn)
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≤ 2.0
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Manganese acts as a deoxidizer and also helps in strengthening the steel. It contributes to the overall mechanical properties of the TP316 stainless steel tube.
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Silicon (Si)
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≤ 1.0
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Silicon is used as a deoxidizer and can also improve the resistance to scaling at high temperatures. In TP316, it plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the tube in high - temperature applications.
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Phosphorus (P)
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≤ 0.045
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Phosphorus is a harmful element that can cause embrittlement, especially at low temperatures. Limiting its content is essential for ensuring the toughness and reliability of the tube.
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Sulfur (S)
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≤ 0.030
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Sulfur forms inclusions in the steel, which can reduce the ductility and toughness. Keeping sulfur content low helps to maintain the quality of the TP316 tube.
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Property
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Value/Characteristics
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Impact on Application
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Density (g/cm³)
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Approximately 7.98
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The density of ASTM A249 TP316 SMLS stainless steel tube affects its weight, which is important in applications where weight - carrying capacity and transportation costs are considerations. For example, in aerospace or some high - rise building applications, the weight of the tubes needs to be carefully evaluated.
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Thermal Conductivity (W/(m·K))
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Around 15 - 17
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Lower thermal conductivity compared to some metals like copper. This property makes it suitable for applications where heat insulation or controlled heat transfer is required, such as in some industrial heat - exchanger applications where minimizing heat loss is crucial.
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Electrical Conductivity
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Fair electrical conductivity
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While not as good as highly conductive metals, the electrical conductivity of TP316 can be relevant in applications where electrical grounding or shielding is necessary, such as in some electrical equipment or in environments where electrostatic discharge needs to be controlled.
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Magnetic Properties
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AISI 316 stainless steel is austenitic and non - magnetic in the annealed condition. However, cold working can introduce some magnetic properties.
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This non - magnetic property is advantageous in applications where magnetic interference needs to be avoided, such as in medical equipment, electronic devices, and some sensitive instrumentation.
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Property
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Minimum Value (Typical)
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Significance
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Tensile Strength (MPa)
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515
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Tensile strength determines the maximum stress the tube can withstand before breaking. In applications such as high - pressure pipelines or structural components, the high tensile strength of TP316 ensures the tube can handle significant mechanical loads.
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Yield Strength (MPa)
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205
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Yield strength is the stress at which the steel begins to deform plastically. Knowing this value is crucial for designing systems to ensure the tube does not experience permanent deformation under normal operating conditions. For example, in piping systems carrying high - pressure fluids, the yield strength of the tube must be sufficient to resist the internal pressure.
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Elongation (%)
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40
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Elongation measures the ductility of the steel. The high elongation of TP316 allows the tube to be easily formed into various shapes during manufacturing processes such as bending, rolling, and extrusion. It also means the tube can withstand some degree of mechanical stress without cracking.
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Hardness
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In the annealed condition, typically around 200 HB (Brinell Hardness)
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Hardness affects the wear resistance and the ability of the tube to withstand external forces. The hardness of TP316 in the annealed state provides a balance between formability during manufacturing and durability in service.
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Corrosion Environment
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Resistance Level
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Mechanism
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Atmospheric Corrosion
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Excellent
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The passive oxide layer formed by chromium in the alloy protects the tube from atmospheric corrosion. Even in industrial or marine atmospheres with pollutants or high humidity, TP316 can maintain its integrity for long periods.
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Water Corrosion
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High
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In both fresh water and seawater, TP316 shows good corrosion resistance. The molybdenum content specifically enhances its resistance to pitting corrosion in seawater, where chloride ions are abundant. This makes it suitable for use in water supply systems, marine applications, and desalination plants.
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Chemical Corrosion
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Resistant to many chemicals
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TP316 is resistant to a wide range of organic and inorganic chemicals. It can handle most acids (except strong oxidizing acids like concentrated nitric acid), alkalis, and salts. In chemical processing plants, it is commonly used for transporting corrosive fluids due to its high chemical resistance.
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Application Area
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Specific Applications
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Chemical Industry
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- Transporting corrosive chemicals such as acids, alkalis, and salts. In chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and pipelines, the corrosion resistance of TP316 is essential to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the plant. - Storage tanks for chemicals, where the integrity of the container is crucial to prevent leakage and contamination.
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Food and Beverage Industry
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- Piping systems for transporting food - grade fluids, including water, milk, and fruit juices. The non - toxic and corrosion - resistant properties of TP316 make it suitable for use in an environment where product purity and hygiene are of utmost importance. - Equipment used in food processing, such as heat exchangers for pasteurization and sterilization processes.
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Pharmaceutical Industry
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- In pharmaceutical manufacturing plants, TP316 tubes are used for transporting process fluids, including solvents, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and cleaning agents. The high - level corrosion resistance and the ability to maintain a clean and sterile surface are vital in this industry. - Bioreactors and storage vessels for pharmaceutical products, where the integrity of the container is critical to preserve the quality of the drugs.
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Marine Industry
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- Seawater piping systems in ships, offshore platforms, and desalination plants. The resistance to seawater corrosion, especially pitting corrosion, makes TP316 a popular choice for these applications. - Marine heat exchangers, where the combination of good heat transfer and corrosion resistance is required for efficient operation.
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Medical Industry
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- Used in medical equipment such as MRI machines, where the non - magnetic property of TP316 is essential. - Surgical instruments and implantable devices, due to its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance in the human body environment.
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Comparison Aspect
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ASTM A249 TP316 SMLS
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ASTM A249 TP304 SMLS
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Duplex Stainless Steel
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Cost
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Higher than TP304 due to the addition of molybdenum.
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Lower cost compared to TP316 as it does not contain molybdenum.
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Generally more expensive than TP316 due to a more complex alloy composition and manufacturing process.
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Corrosion Resistance
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Excellent, especially in environments with high chloride ion concentrations due to molybdenum.
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Good corrosion resistance in general environments but less resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion compared to TP316.
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Higher corrosion resistance than TP316 in some extreme environments, especially in terms of stress - corrosion cracking resistance.
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Mechanical Properties
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Good tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
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Similar mechanical properties to TP316 but with slightly lower strength in some cases.
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Higher strength than TP316, especially in terms of yield strength, but lower elongation in some cases.
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Magnetic Properties
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Non - magnetic in annealed state (with some magnetic properties after cold working).
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Non - magnetic in annealed state (with some magnetic properties after cold working).
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Ferritic - austenitic duplex stainless steel has some magnetic properties due to the presence of ferrite phase.
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